India, they are commonly used for door locks and padlocks as well. Around the circumference of the plug is a shell, which is fixed to the door or container. Note the border between the plug and shell, which forms the shear line, and the cuts in each pin stack resting within the plug. The basic algorithm for picking locks is remarkably simple: - Apply a small amount of torque to the plug. Other names for the torque tool are turning tool, torque wrench, torsion wrench, and tension wrench. You must be careful to avoid touching the front-most pin with the blade of the tool, but this position has the advantage of allowing maximum room to maneuver the pick. The pick must be strong enough to resist bending or breaking while lifting pins, yet the shaft must be small and thin enough to maneuver freely around the keyway without disturbing other pins. See Figure 2. The plug will be blocked from rotating if any pin stack is lifted either not far enough (with the cut still in the plug below the shear line) or too far (with the cut pushed above the shear line and into the shell); to rotate, all pin stacks must have a cut at the shear line.

See Figure 6 for an example of a spool pin. Now the plug is being prevented from moving by the next most misaligned pin (which, in this case, is the other pin, since there are only two). For example, Mul-T-Lock cylinders use special "telescoping" pins that contain two independently keyed tumblers. You will also need a small re-pinning kit (available from locksmith suppliers as well as many home improvement and hardware stores) so you can easily add, remove, and re-arrange pins. With practice, even this keyway will eventually seem easy to maneuver. Torque tools may be oriented vertically (with the handle in line with the keyway) or horizontally (with the handle perpendicular to the keyway); different people have different preferences. Most commercial torque tools are designed for horizontal orientation. Many experienced locksmiths and expert lock pickers prefer "home made" tools to the commercial selections, especially for picking unusual and high security locks. Falle-Safe Security makes a set of vertically-oriented two-prong torque tools designed to fit snugly in a range of different pin tumbler keyways.

Figure 2. Pin tumbler lock with a correct key inserted. Figure 7. LAB Serrated top pin. Figure 4. Manipulating pins. There are locks with two, five, and six pins in each keyway, but the keying codes aren't labeled on them. In general, the torque tool should be as thick as possible while still fitting in the keyway, and of a width sufficient to provide good control but without interfering with the picking tool's access to the pins. Here the plug has been turned slightly toward the camera, so that the tops of the pins in the plug are visible. An oscillating motion with the torque is often helpful here. Apply light torque while pivoting a long, wavy rake inside the lock, inserting and removing it slightly as you go. The proper pick and torque tool selection depend on the shape of the keyway, the features of the lock, the picking technique, and the individual preferences of the user. Picks probe and lift the individual pin tumblers through the keyway, while torque tools control the degree and force of plug rotation. Unfortunately, these designs are less than ideal, and many of the "standard" picks are too large to fit and move comfortably in common lock keyways.

The selection of the torque tool is just as important as that of the pick, but, again, commercial pick kits often fail to include a sufficient range of sizes and designs to allow good control and feel across the range of common locks. It's hard to learn these skills all at once on off-the-shelf commercial locks, but that's what many people who try to learn lock picking end up doing (before giving up in frustration). Again, try to find and lift all the pins with the different hook picks without applying any torque. Reset the lock by returning the plug to the vertical locked position and try again but with torque applied in the other direction. Vertical orientation requires a 90 degree twist in the blade. This technique requires a great deal of practice to master, but has the surprising property of sometimes being more effective against better made locks. Making keys for these locks often requires the use of special equipment and unusual, proprietary key blanks.

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